Warum erhalte ich diese Fehlermeldungen, wenn ich versuche, Gem Bundler unter Ubuntu zu installieren? (Konnte Makefile nicht erstellen)

Ich bin kein Ruby-Entwickler und finde es schwierig, Redmine (das in Ruby entwickelt wurde) auf einem Ububuntu 16.04-Server zu installieren .

Ich folge diesem offiziellen Tutorial: http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/HowTo_Install_Redmine_on_Ubuntu_step_by_step

Es scheint sehr einfach zu sein, aber ich finde es schwierig, wenn "der Bundler GEM installiert wird".

Ich bin mir nicht sicher, was genau dieser Bundler GEM installiert werden muss. Von dem, was ich verstanden habe (korrigieren Sie mich, wenn ich falsche Behauptungen mache), ist ein GEM etwas, das eine ausführbare Ruby-Anwendung (etwa eine JAR- Datei in Java) enthält.

Das Problem ist also, wenn ich diese Anweisung in der Bash-Konsole durchführe:

sudo gem update 

Ich erhalte viele Fehlermeldungen wie diese:

root@Betrivius-VPS:~# sudo gem update Updating installed gems Updating molinillo Fetching: molinillo-0.5.4.gem (100%) Successfully installed molinillo-0.5.4 Parsing documentation for molinillo-0.5.4 Installing ri documentation for molinillo-0.5.4 Installing darkfish documentation for molinillo-0.5.4 Done installing documentation for molinillo after 1 seconds Parsing documentation for molinillo-0.5.4 Done installing documentation for molinillo after 0 seconds Updating mysql2 Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing mysql2: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.  current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/mysql2-0.4.5/ext/mysql2 /usr/bin/ruby2.3 -r ./siteconf20161115-29205-1v41srl.rb extconf.rb checking for rb_absint_size()... yes checking for rb_absint_singlebit_p()... yes checking for ruby/thread.h... yes checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... no checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes checking for rb_intern3()... yes checking for rb_big_cmp()... yes checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no ----- mysql client is missing. You may need to 'apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev' or 'yum install mysql-devel', and try again. ----- *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options.  Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=$/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=$/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.3 --with-mysql-dir --without-mysql-dir --with-mysql-include --without-mysql-include=$/include --with-mysql-lib --without-mysql-lib=$/lib --with-mysql-config --without-mysql-config --with-mysql-dir --without-mysql-dir --with-mysql-include --without-mysql-include=$/include --with-mysql-lib --without-mysql-lib=$/lib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib  To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:  /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/mysql2-0.4.5/mkmf.log  extconf failed, exit code 1  Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/mysql2-0.4.5 for inspection. Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/mysql2-0.4.5/gem_make.out Updating nokogiri Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing nokogiri: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.  current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/ext/nokogiri /usr/bin/ruby2.3 -r ./siteconf20161115-29205-11qd2.rb extconf.rb checking if the C compiler accepts ... yes Building nokogiri using packaged libraries. Using mini_portile version 2.1.0 checking for gzdopen() in -lz... no zlib is missing; necessary for building libxml2 *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options.  Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=$/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=$/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.3 --help --clean --use-system-libraries --enable-static --disable-static --with-zlib-dir --without-zlib-dir --with-zlib-include --without-zlib-include=$/include --with-zlib-lib --without-zlib-lib=$/lib --enable-cross-build --disable-cross-build  To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:  /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/mkmf.log  extconf failed, exit code 1  Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1 for inspection. Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/gem_make.out Updating psych Fetching: psych-2.2.0.gem (100%) Building native extensions. This could take a while... Successfully installed psych-2.2.0 Parsing documentation for psych-2.2.0 Installing ri documentation for psych-2.2.0 Installing darkfish documentation for psych-2.2.0 Done installing documentation for psych after 2 seconds Parsing documentation for psych-2.2.0 Done installing documentation for psych after 1 seconds Updating rmagick Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing rmagick: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.  current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/rmagick-2.16.0/ext/RMagick /usr/bin/ruby2.3 -r ./siteconf20161115-29205-1qfeji3.rb extconf.rb checking for gcc... yes checking for Magick-config... no checking for pkg-config... no Can't install RMagick 2.16.0. Can't find Magick-config or pkg-config in /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin  *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options.  Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=$/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=$/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.3  To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:  /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/rmagick-2.16.0/mkmf.log  extconf failed, exit code 1  Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/rmagick-2.16.0 for inspection. Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/rmagick-2.16.0/gem_make.out Updating sqlite3 Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing sqlite3: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.  current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/sqlite3-1.3.12/ext/sqlite3 /usr/bin/ruby2.3 -r ./siteconf20161115-29205-1mvfxcm.rb extconf.rb checking for sqlite3.h... no sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'brew install sqlite3', 'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev' and check your shared library search path (the location where your sqlite3 shared library is located). *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options.  Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=$/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=$/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.3 --with-sqlite3-config --without-sqlite3-config --with-pkg-config --without-pkg-config --with-sqlite3-dir --without-sqlite3-dir --with-sqlite3-include --without-sqlite3-include=$/include --with-sqlite3-lib --without-sqlite3-lib=$/lib  To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:  /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.12/mkmf.log  extconf failed, exit code 1 

In diesen Fehlermeldungen heißt es, dass ich den Inhalt der Datei /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.12/mkmf.log überprüfen muss . Dies ist der Inhalt ( das könnte vielleicht zusätzliche Informationen geben, um zu verstehen, wo das Problem ist):

package configuration for sqlite3 is not found find_header: checking for sqlite3.h... -------------------- no  "gcc -o conftest -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/ruby-2.3.0 -I/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -Wdate-t$ checked program was: /* begin */ 1: #include "ruby.h" 2: 3: int main(int argc, char **argv) 4: { 5: return 0; 6: } /* end */  "gcc -E -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/ruby-2.3.0 -I/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -Wdate-time -D_FO$ conftest.c:3:21: fatal error: sqlite3.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. checked program was: /* begin */ 1: #include "ruby.h" 2: 3: #include <sqlite3.h> /* end */  -------------------- 

Beim Lesen der vorherigen Protokolldatei scheint das Problem damit zu zusammenhängen:

 fatal error: sqlite3.h: No such file or directory 

Es scheint, dass eine C-Header-Datei fehlt, aber ich weiß wirklich nicht warum.

Warum habe ich dieses Problem? Was vermisse ich? Wie kann ich versuchen, dieses Problem zu beheben?

Tnx