Beantwortung meiner eigenen Frage:
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "10.0.0.0" config.vm.network "public_network" config.vm.provision "shell", run: "always", inline: "/sbin/dhclient -r eth2; /sbin/route del default; /sbin/dhclient eth2"
https://github.com/hashicorp/vagrant/issues/2389#issuecomment-280341807