"Google sites work, but other sites don't" is often due to what's known as a "Path MTU Discovery black hole". A PMTUD black hole is when something on your network — probably a local NAT gateway or firewall — either isn't sending ICMP "destination unreachable; fragmentation required but 'don't fragment' bit set" messages, or is blocking those messages from other network middleboxes.
To see if this is the case and work around it, try temporarily setting your MTU down to something low-ish like 1300 on your laptop's Wi-Fi interface. If all sites work when you're using a 1300-byte MTU, try adjusting it back upwards until you find the highest value that works.
Google sites are smart about this and always negotiate a TCP MSS (that's like the TCP-layer equivalent of an MTU) that results in an IP-layer MTU that's enough below 1500 to work on most networks, even if those networks have path MTU problems. That's why "Google sites work but other sites don't" is usually a give-away for this particular problem.
If manually setting a low MTU doesn't fix the problem, then your problem probably isn't a PMTUD black hole.